[Postoperative wound infections in otorhinolaryngology : Prevention, diagnosis, and management]

Postoperative wound infections (surgical site infections, SSIs) remain among the most clinically and health-economically significant nosocomial infections worldwide. In Germany, according to current evidence and guideline recommendations, they play a leading role and-according to the S3 guideline on perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis-rank first among nosocomial infections [1].

The aim of the present work is to summarize the current evidence on prevention, diagnostics, and modern management of postoperative wound infections in otorhinolaryngology, with a particular focus on site-specific risk constellations and evidence-based preventive strategies.

A narrative literature review of current guidelines, clinical studies, and review articles on the treatment of infected wounds in the head and neck region as well as on the use of modern wound dressings and riskassessment systems was performed.

The use of structured risk assessments, e.g., the wounds-at-risk score or the therapeutic index for local infections (TILI), facilitates early identification of wounds at risk of infection. Modern wound care materials such as hydrophobic or silver-containing dressings support antiseptics in infection control and promote wound healing.

A multimodal therapeutic approach consisting of surgical debridement, targeted antimicrobial therapy, and stage-appropriate wound care improves the course of healing. Systematic risk assessment enables early intervention and may reduce complications.