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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

All-electronic Nanosecond-resolved Scanning Tunneling Microscopy: Facilitating the Investigation of Single Dopant Charge Dynamics

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Bound states in doped charge transfer insulators.

Pengfei Li^1,2,3, Yang Shen⁴, Mingpu Qin⁵

¹Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Nature Communications

|July 9, 2026

Summary

Doped charge transfer insulators exhibit an in-gap bound state, crucial for high-temperature superconductivity. This study identifies this bound state and discusses its evolution into metallic states.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science
Quantum Mechanics

Background:

High-temperature superconductivity remains a significant challenge in condensed matter physics.
Understanding the behavior of doped charge transfer insulators is key to solving this problem.
Localized electronic states play a critical role in the properties of these materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the emergence of in-gap bound states in doped charge transfer insulators.
To propose and verify a theoretical model for the ground state of these systems.
To elucidate the mechanism by which these bound states contribute to metallic behavior.

Main Methods:

Development of an approximate ground state wavefunction incorporating Zhang-Rice singlets and the Néel state.
Calculation of excitation states by adding and removing holes from the ground state.
Confirmation using Lanczos calculations with matrix product states (MPS) on a 4x4 CuO2 unit cell model.

Main Results:

Identification of an in-gap bound state originating from localized holes in doped charge transfer insulators.
Successful calculation and confirmation of these bound states within the charge transfer gap.
The study provides a theoretical framework consistent with recent STM observations on Ca2CuO2Cl2.

Conclusions:

The presence of in-gap bound states is a fundamental feature of hole-doped charge transfer insulators.
These bound states are a key component in understanding the transition to metallic states.
The findings offer a new perspective on the physics governing high-temperature superconductivity.