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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the 20th century...
Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy01:22

Cellular Injury V: Apoptosis and Autophagy

Cells respond to damage and stress through highly coordinated processes that decide whether they survive or undergo controlled self-destruction. Two major pathways involved in this regulation are apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death, and autophagy, a survival mechanism that helps cells adapt to adverse conditions.ApoptosisApoptosis removes aged or injured cells to maintain tissue balance. During this process, the cell shrinks, chromatin condenses and fragments, and membrane-bound...
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Studying Cell Death Initiation Using a Digital Microscope
06:06

Studying Cell Death Initiation Using a Digital Microscope

Published on: November 10, 2023

Insights into programmed cell death from multiple imaging modalities.

Siqi Li1, Xinyang Zhang2, Dingding Li1

  • 1Institute for Applied Research in Public Health, Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions for Advanced Medical Analytics and Public Health, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China.

Journal of Translational Medicine
|July 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review compares molecular probes and imaging techniques for studying programmed cell death (PCD) subtypes like apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis. Current imaging excels at differentiating cell death forms, aiding research into their biological roles.

Keywords:
In Vivo ImagingMolecular imagingMultimodal IntegrationOptical ImagingProgrammed cell death

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Published on: October 11, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biomedical Imaging

Background:

  • Programmed cell death (PCD) is vital for multicellular organism development and homeostasis.
  • Studying PCD is challenging due to limitations of traditional static methods in capturing dynamic processes and in vivo environments.
  • Differentiating PCD subtypes like apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis requires advanced techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically compare molecular probes and imaging modalities for detecting and differentiating major PCD subtypes.
  • To summarize recent advances in imaging-based identification of distinct cell death forms.
  • To provide practical guidance for selecting appropriate probes and imaging platforms for PCD research.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and comparison of molecular probes and imaging modalities.
  • Emphasis on imaging-based identification of cell death forms.
  • Analysis of utility for in vivo monitoring of hallmark markers and deep-tissue dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Molecular probes and imaging modalities enable the detection and differentiation of apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis.
  • In vivo imaging offers insights into biological roles and functional significance of PCD by monitoring hallmark markers.
  • Current technologies are strongest in differentiating PCD subtypes, while real-time spatiotemporal dynamics monitoring is still developing.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced imaging techniques and molecular probes are crucial for understanding PCD subtypes.
  • In vivo imaging provides valuable support for elucidating the roles of PCD in biological systems.
  • Further development is needed for real-time, comprehensive spatiotemporal monitoring of PCD dynamics.