Simultaneous Functional Ultrasound, Intrinsic Optical Signal and Widefield Calcium Neuroimaging

Functional ultrasound (fUS) maps cerebral blood volume (CBV) but lacks molecular and neuronal specificity. By simultaneously integrating fUS with optical imaging, we show that fUS-derived CBV correlates with both optically measured hemoglobin and neuronal calcium activity in awake mice. We further derive hemodynamic response functions linking calcium activity to CBV during spontaneous and sensory-evoked activity. Application to a mouse glioblastoma model demonstrates utility for studying neurovascular dysfunction in complex neuropathologies.