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Procedure for generating high-resolution gamma spectra using Monte Carlo modelling and spectrum post-processing.

M Travar1, J Zsigrai2, A Skrypnyk3

  • 1Institute of Physics Belgrade, Pregrevica 118, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes : Including Data, Instrumentation and Methods for Use in Agriculture, Industry and Medicine
|July 10, 2026
PubMed
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This study details generating realistic gamma spectra using Geant4 simulations and post-processing. The method accurately models detector effects, achieving high fidelity with experimental data for nuclear science applications.

Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Computational Physics
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Accurate gamma-ray spectrum simulation is crucial for nuclear physics research and radiation detection applications.
  • Existing simulation methods may not fully capture complex detector effects, impacting spectral realism.
  • High-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors are standard for precise gamma-ray spectroscopy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a detailed methodology for generating realistic, high-resolution gamma spectra using the Geant4 toolkit.
  • To incorporate and validate spectrum post-processing techniques accounting for natural background, energy resolution, peak asymmetry, and coincidence summing.
  • To verify the accuracy of the simulation model by comparing it against experimental data from certified gamma sources.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
Geant4 simulationHPGe detectorMonte Carlo methodSpectrum post-processingγ-spectrometry

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  • Utilized the Geant4 simulation toolkit to model gamma-ray interactions within a High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector.
  • Developed and applied a spectrum post-processing procedure to introduce realistic effects: natural background, energy resolution broadening, non-symmetrical peak shapes, and random coincidence summing.
  • Validated the simulation model by comparing generated spectra with experimental data from certified standard point-like gamma sources.

Main Results:

  • The post-processing procedure successfully incorporated key spectral features, enhancing realism.
  • Simulated spectra closely matched experimental data, with total count differences below 0.5%.
  • The average ratio of spectral differences to combined uncertainties was less than 0.3, indicating excellent agreement.

Conclusions:

  • The combined Geant4 simulation and post-processing approach provides a robust method for generating highly realistic gamma spectra.
  • This validated procedure can be reliably used for simulating HPGe detector responses in various nuclear science and radiation detection scenarios.
  • The methodology offers a valuable tool for data analysis, detector calibration, and understanding complex radiation environments.