MXene-based materials for light-driven and light-assisted CO₂ conversion processes: Photocatalytic,...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Catalysis
• Renewable Energy

Background:

• Rising atmospheric CO2 necessitates efficient catalytic systems for conversion into fuels.
• MXenes, a class of 2D materials, offer unique properties for light-driven CO2 reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a mechanism-oriented review of MXene-enabled CO2 conversion under various light-driven conditions.
• To systematically link MXene synthesis, structure, and surface chemistry to catalytic performance.
• To assess MXene stability, toxicity, and sustainability for CO2 conversion applications.

Main Methods:

• Review of photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, photoelectrocatalytic, and photothermal processes involving MXenes.
• Analysis of MXene functions: electron reservoirs, charge mediators, photothermal transducers, and active sites.
• Focus on heterojunction engineering, quantum dot integration, and light-assisted pathways.

Main Results:

• MXenes exhibit excellent light-matter interactions, conductivity, and tunable properties for CO2 conversion.
• Strategies like heterojunctions and quantum dots enhance catalytic efficiency by reducing charge recombination and lowering barriers.
• MXenes demonstrate multifunctionality in energy storage and pollutant remediation.

Conclusions:

• MXenes are versatile materials for efficient light-driven CO2 conversion, with significant potential for sustainable energy solutions.
• Further research into MXene stability, toxicity, and environmental impact is crucial for practical applications.
• The review highlights MXenes' broader significance in addressing environmental challenges beyond CO2 reduction.