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The Coupled Dynamics of Neighborhood and School Change
1Brown University.
None:
A large body of research investigates the dynamics of racial segregation in schools and neighborhoods, typically treating them as separate contexts. These studies offer insight into local patterns of demographic change but rarely consider how neighborhoods and schools evolve together. Yet, in the United States, the two are structurally intertwined: Residence-based school assignment policies mean that choosing where to live is often a choice about children's schools. We develop a framework for studying coupled changes in neighborhoods and schools that articulates how choices and opportunities in both domains imply different degrees of linkage. From this, we derive a model of coupled tipping that generates testable predictions about how demographic change begins and how neighborhood and school composition relate over time. We evaluate these predictions using original longitudinal data from 14 large US school districts from 1990-2010. Our findings support our model and deepen understanding of segregation dynamics in urban areas.
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