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Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators
Published on: April 25, 2020
Supramolecular Anchoring of Charge-Asymmetric COF Interfaces to Regulate Ion Rectification for Monolithic Flexible
Zhenni Zhang1, Yanxu Lu1, Guida Kang1
1College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of High Performance Plastics, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Flexible supercapacitors (FSCs) often suffer from sluggish ion kinetics and mechanical vulnerability at mismatched electrode-electrolyte interfaces. Herein, we report an electric-field-driven nucleation strategy for the in situ supramolecular anchoring of ultrathin covalent organic framework (COF) films onto a conductive dual-network hydrogel, constructing a monolithic FSC. By pairing a cationic imidazole-COF with an electron-rich hydroxyl-COF, we engineer charge-asymmetric COF interfaces governed by synergistic hydrogen-bonding and electrostatic interactions. This architecture actively regulates ion rectification and dismantles solid-solid interfacial energy barriers, significantly accelerating electrochemical kinetics. Consequently, the device delivers an exceptional volumetric capacitance of 926.6 F cm-3, an ultrahigh energy density of 128.7 mWh cm-3, and a power density of 14.8 W cm-3. Benefiting from robust interfacial adhesion, it exhibits outstanding durability (97.6% retention over 20000 cycles) and operates stably under dynamic cyclic bending and stretching, enabling reliable self-powered sensing. This work establishes a molecular-level paradigm for integrated wearable electronics.
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