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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
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Published on: December 8, 2023

Resting-State fMRI Co-Activation Patterns Reveal Multiscale Brain Functional Alterations in Primary Angle-Closure

Yu-Yue Cheng1,2,3,4,5, Yuan-Zhi He6, Die Hu1,2,3,4,5

  • 1The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|July 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) alters brain activity dynamics, showing limbic-centered configurations linked to molecular and cellular brain architectures. These findings offer a framework for understanding PACG brain changes.

Keywords:
cell-type specificityco-activation patternsdynamic functional connectivityimaging–transcriptomicsneurotransmitter receptorsprimary angle-closure glaucoma

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Glaucoma Research

Background:

  • Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) involves brain alterations beyond visual pathways.
  • The dynamic organization and biological context of brain activity in PACG are unclear.
  • Co-activation pattern (CAP) analysis may reveal state-specific functional reorganization in PACG.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize transient brain states in PACG using CAP analysis.
  • To investigate the dynamic organization of large-scale brain activity in PACG.
  • To explore the biological context of brain alterations in PACG.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI data from 44 PACG patients and 57 controls.
  • Co-activation pattern (CAP) analysis across multiple frequency bands to identify six CAP states.
  • Spatial association analysis with transcriptomic, cell-type, and neurotransmitter receptor maps using Allen Human Brain Atlas data.
  • Machine learning for evaluating CAP-derived features.

Main Results:

  • PACG patients exhibited altered CAP dynamics, including increased occurrence and dwell time of specific states.
  • Altered states formed limbic-centered configurations involving attention, sensorimotor, and control networks.
  • CAP alterations spatially correlated with normative transcriptional gradients, neuronal excitability genes, specific cell types, and neurotransmitter receptor systems.

Conclusions:

  • PACG is linked to state-specific intrinsic brain dynamics.
  • These dynamics align with molecular, cellular, and neuromodulatory brain architectures.
  • Findings provide a multiscale framework for understanding PACG brain functional alterations.