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Published on: April 21, 2015
Lactobacillus johnsonii Alleviates Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Colitis by Modulating Macrophage
Wei Liang1, Shuying He1, Heqing Tao1
1Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
Lactobacillus johnsonii administration mitigated immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated colitis by modulating immune cells and promoting gut barrier function. This probiotic also enhanced ICI efficacy in tumor models, suggesting clinical potential.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can cause colitis, a significant side effect impacting treatment.
- The gut microbiome's role in modulating ICI efficacy and toxicity is increasingly recognized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii on ICI-associated colitis.
- To determine L. johnsonii's impact on ICI therapeutic efficacy.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an experimental ICI-associated colitis model.
- Administered L. johnsonii and analyzed immune cell populations (M1/M2 macrophages, Th1/Tregs).
- Assessed gut barrier function via tight junction protein expression and measured tryptophan metabolites.
Main Results:
- L. johnsonii mitigated colitis severity, altered immune cell profiles towards anti-inflammatory phenotypes, and enhanced gut barrier integrity.
- The probiotic promoted tryptophan metabolism, producing anti-inflammatory indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which itself alleviated colitis.
- Blocking the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) pathway abrogated L. johnsonii's protective effects.
- L. johnsonii potentiated ICI efficacy in a tumor-bearing colitis model.
Conclusions:
- Lactobacillus johnsonii demonstrates therapeutic potential for managing ICI-associated colitis.
- The probiotic's mechanisms involve immune modulation, gut barrier restoration, and tryptophan metabolism via the AhR pathway.
- L. johnsonii may enhance the clinical effectiveness of ICIs.
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