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Decoupling Optical Functions via Ratio-Tunable Conjugated Copolymers with Hydrogen-Bond-Enforced Rigidity for

Weilong Chen1,2, Chuang Zhang3, Guan-Lin Wu4

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Summary

Researchers developed a new anti-quenching strategy for organic near-infrared II (NIR-II) phototheranostic agents using modular copolymers. This approach enhances fluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in nanoparticles, improving tumor imaging and therapy.

Keywords:
NIR-II fluorescence imagingconjugated copolymersphototherapyquenching-resistantrigid segments

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Organic near-infrared II (NIR-II) phototheranostic agents offer potential for tumor imaging and therapy.
  • Conventional designs using rigid fluorophores suffer from aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) in nanoparticles, reducing fluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
  • Decoupling optical functions in phototheranostics is crucial for improved performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a modular copolymer-based anti-quenching strategy for organic NIR-II phototheranostic agents.
  • To decouple the coupled and competing optical pathways in conventional designs.
  • To create high-performance, quenching-resistant organic phototheranostics.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a flexible segment with a hydrogen-bond-enforced rigid segment in a modular copolymer.
  • Tuning the segment ratio to modulate NIR-II fluorescence, ROS production, and photothermal conversion.
  • Synthesis and characterization of copolymer series (F8R2, F5R5, F2R8) and their nanoparticle formulations.

Main Results:

  • The copolymer strategy effectively suppressed aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) in nanoparticles.
  • Increasing the rigid-segment fraction enhanced NIR-II fluorescence and ROS generation.
  • F2R8 nanoparticles (80% rigid segment) retained >60% NIR-II fluorescence in the aggregated state, outperforming conventional ACQ-type small molecules.
  • High-contrast NIR-II fluorescence imaging-guided combined phototherapy was achieved *in vivo*.

Conclusions:

  • The modular copolymer-based anti-quenching strategy successfully decouples optical functions in organic NIR-II phototheranostic agents.
  • This approach overcomes the limitations of ACQ, leading to enhanced fluorescence and ROS generation in nanoparticles.
  • The developed strategy provides a general design paradigm for high-performance, quenching-resistant organic phototheranostics.