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Overview of Anatomy and Physiology01:24

Overview of Anatomy and Physiology

Human anatomy is the scientific study of the body's structures. Some of these structures are very small and can only be observed and analyzed with the assistance of a microscope. Other larger structures can readily be seen, manipulated, measured, and weighed. The word "anatomy" comes from a Greek root that means "to cut apart." Human anatomy was first studied by observing the body's exterior and the wounds of soldiers and other injuries. Later, physicians were allowed to dissect the bodies of...

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The Roozbehi Integrated Spiral Anatomy Model (R-ISAM): a five-phase framework for fully integrated anatomical

Sahar Almasi-Turk1, Amrollah Roozbehi2,3

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.

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|July 14, 2026
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Summary

The Roozbehi Integrated Spiral Anatomy Model (R-ISAM) enhances medical education by integrating anatomy with clinical practice. Students reported high satisfaction and improved clinical reasoning, suggesting R-ISAM

Keywords:
Anatomical SciencesClinical AnatomyEducational ModelIntegrated CurriculumMedical EducationR-ISAMSpiral Curriculum

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Anatomical Sciences
  • Clinical Practice

Background:

  • Medical education faces challenges integrating anatomical sciences with clinical practice.
  • Traditional teaching methods create knowledge gaps, hindering clinical reasoning.
  • The Roozbehi Integrated Spiral Anatomy Model (R-ISAM) was developed to bridge this gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the Roozbehi Integrated Spiral Anatomy Model (R-ISAM).
  • To assess student perceptions and objective performance with the R-ISAM framework.
  • To determine if R-ISAM improves the integration of anatomical sciences and clinical application.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of R-ISAM across musculoskeletal and gastrointestinal systems (2020-2025).
  • Mixed-methods evaluation using a 65-item questionnaire with 206 medical students.
  • Analysis of objective course scores for 350-353 students and thematic analysis of qualitative data.

Main Results:

  • Students reported high satisfaction (mean > 3.9/5) with R-ISAM, particularly clerkship students.
  • Perceived improvements in integrated assessment, clinical reasoning, and long-term retention were noted.
  • Qualitative data revealed enhanced clinical relevance, interdisciplinary integration, and confidence.

Conclusions:

  • R-ISAM shows promise for integrating anatomical sciences with clinical practice in medical education.
  • Students across training stages reported positive perceptions of clinical relevance and integration.
  • Further research with objective measures and longitudinal validation is recommended.