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Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

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Role of Microcurrent Electrical Stimulation in Tissue Healing and Scar Modulation: A Systematic Review.

Kanika Wadhwa¹, Anand Kumar Singh¹, Ruchir Bhasin Bhatnagar¹

¹Department of Physiotherapy, G D Goenka University, Gurugram, India.

The International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds

|July 14, 2026

Summary

Microcurrent electrical stimulation (MES) may aid tissue healing and improve scar appearance. However, current evidence is limited by inconsistent study protocols and small sample sizes, necessitating further research.

Keywords:

electrotherapy microcurrent electrical stimulation scar modulation tissue repair wound healing

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Area of Science:

Regenerative Medicine
Biomedical Engineering
Dermatology

Background:

Tissue healing is a complex process involving inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling.
Delayed healing or abnormal scarring can negatively impact function and aesthetics.
Microcurrent electrical stimulation (MES) utilizes low-amperage currents to modulate tissue repair and scar formation.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the clinical effectiveness of MES for promoting wound healing.
To evaluate the impact of MES on modifying scar formation, including thickness, pliability, and appearance.

Main Methods:

A systematic review adhering to PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted.
Literature search included PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library up to 2024.
Included studies were clinical trials on human subjects treated with MES for wounds or scars; risk of bias assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool.

Main Results:

Eleven studies (2012-2024) indicated potential benefits of MES for wound healing and scar outcomes.
Observed improvements in wound healing rates and scar characteristics (thickness, pliability, appearance).
Significant variability in study protocols, patient populations, and assessment methods led to inconsistent findings.

Conclusions:

MES shows promise as a complementary therapy for enhancing wound healing and improving scar quality.
Current evidence is limited by study heterogeneity and small sample sizes.
Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to confirm efficacy and establish optimal MES treatment protocols.