Complete Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Indices in Catatonia: A Retrospective Matched Case-Control Study.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Immunology

Background:

• Catatonia is a severe neuropsychiatric syndrome with poorly understood biological underpinnings.
• Accessible biological correlates for catatonia require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate differences in complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory indices between psychiatric inpatients with catatonia and matched controls.
• To explore the potential of these indices as biomarkers for catatonia.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective matched case-control study of 46 catatonia patients and 46 controls.
• Calculated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) from CBC.
• Utilized regression models, correlation analyses, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.

Main Results:

• The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was significantly higher in patients with catatonia compared to controls (Bonferroni-adjusted p = 0.032).
• Catatonia was associated with elevated SII and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) after adjusting for clinical factors.
• No significant correlation was found between inflammatory indices and the severity of catatonic signs.

Conclusions:

• CBC-derived inflammatory indices, particularly SII, may reflect systemic inflammatory or physiological stress in catatonia.
• These indices are considered exploratory markers and not definitive diagnostic biomarkers for catatonia.