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Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

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Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...

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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Long-Term Mouse Spinal Cord Organotypic Slice Culture as a Platform for Validating Cell Transplantation in Spinal Cord Injury

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Published on: April 12, 2024

Transcriptomics Insights into Spinal Cord Injury for Therapy Development.

Daria Chudakova¹, Olga Astakhova², Matthew Shkap^1,2,3

¹Center for Precision Genetic Technologies for Medicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|July 15, 2026

Summary

Transcriptomics reveals critical gene expression changes after spinal cord injury (SCI). This research highlights how analyzing these transcriptional shifts can guide the development of new therapies for SCI recovery.

Keywords:

RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq)SCI mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs)single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq)single nucleus RNA-seq (snRNA-seq)spinal cord injury (SCI)transcriptomics

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Development of Combinatorial Therapeutics for Spinal Cord Injury using Stem Cell Delivery

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Published on: June 7, 2024

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genomics
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to severe disability and significant healthcare burdens.
Current SCI treatments are inadequate, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
Understanding SCI's molecular underpinnings is crucial for advancing treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

To review how transcriptomics aids in understanding SCI pathobiology and regeneration mechanisms.
To explore the role of transcriptomics, often combined with other omics data, in identifying therapeutic targets for SCI.
To summarize recent findings (2020-2025) in SCI transcriptomics research.

Main Methods:

This narrative review synthesizes information from recent scientific literature.
It covers various transcriptomic tools and analytical approaches.
The review focuses on studies investigating transcriptional changes post-SCI.

Main Results:

Transcriptomic analyses reveal spatiotemporal gene expression alterations following SCI.
These analyses provide insights into the molecular pathways involved in SCI.
Recent studies highlight transcriptomic data's potential for uncovering novel therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

Transcriptomics is a powerful tool for deciphering SCI's complex molecular landscape.
Understanding transcriptional changes is key to developing effective strategies for SCI regeneration and treatment.
Integrating transcriptomics with other omics data offers a comprehensive approach to SCI research.