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Essential Competencies for Nurses in Earthquake Emergencies: A Meta-Synthesis of Experience-Based Evidence.

Cheng Cheng¹, Jie Bai²

¹Fudan University School of Nursing, Shanghai, China ; Hong Kong Polytechnic University School of Nursing, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing

|July 15, 2026

Summary

Nurses need specific skills for earthquake response. Key competencies include resilience, adaptability, clinical expertise in limited resources, communication, leadership, disaster knowledge, and cultural awareness to improve disaster preparedness.

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Area of Science:

Disaster Nursing
Qualitative Research Synthesis
Healthcare Competencies

Background:

Earthquakes pose unique challenges to healthcare delivery.
Nursing roles in disaster response are critical but require specialized competencies.
Existing literature lacks a synthesized understanding of essential nursing skills in earthquake settings.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize qualitative evidence identifying core competencies for nurses in earthquake settings.
To provide a foundation for enhancing nursing preparedness and response in disaster situations.

Main Methods:

A meta-synthesis approach was employed.
Qualitative studies on nurses' experiences in earthquake responses were systematically searched and analyzed.
Thematic synthesis was used to identify recurring competency domains.

Main Results:

Seven core competency domains were identified: psychological resilience, adaptability, clinical skills in resource-limited settings, communication, leadership, disaster-specific knowledge, and cultural competence.
These competencies were evidenced by first-hand accounts from nurses.
Findings underscore the multifaceted nature of nursing practice during major seismic events.

Conclusions:

Nurses play a vital role in disaster management, requiring preparedness, adaptability, and resilience.
The identified competencies are crucial for effective nursing interventions during earthquake emergencies.
Results can inform targeted education, training programs, and policy development to bolster nursing capacity in disaster response.