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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

Published on: December 22, 2016

Nocturnal Hypoxemia Burden Correlates With Vestibular Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Dachan Kim¹, Seong Hoon Bae², Hyung-Ju Cho^1,3,4

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Clinical Otolaryngology : Official Journal of ENT-UK ; Official Journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery

|July 15, 2026

Summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is linked to reduced vestibular function. Increased nocturnal hypoxemia severity, measured by oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), significantly predicts lower slow-phase eye velocity (SPV).

Keywords:

caloric test hypoxemia obstructive sleep apnea polysomnography sleep fragmentation slow‐phase eye velocity vestibular function

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans

Published on: December 22, 2016

Area of Science:

Neurology
Otolaryngology
Sleep Medicine

Background:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is increasingly recognized as a potential factor in vestibular dysfunction.
However, the specific parameters of OSA that correlate with vestibular function remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantitatively assess the correlation between hypoxemia severity indices in OSA patients and caloric slow-phase eye velocity (SPV), a key indicator of vestibular function.

Main Methods:

A retrospective analysis of 82 adults who underwent polysomnography (PSG) and bithermal caloric testing.
Evaluated predictors included hypoxemia burden (AHI, ODI, CT90, nadir SpO2), sleep fragmentation, sleep architecture, and ancillary measures.
Statistical analyses involved Pearson's correlations, adjusted linear regression, and random forest modeling with TreeSHAP values for feature importance.

Main Results:

SPV showed significant inverse correlations with AHI, ODI, and cumulative time with SpO2 < 90% (CT90).
In adjusted models, AHI remained a significant predictor of reduced SPV.
Hypoxemia metrics (ODI, AHI, CT90) and BMI were the most important predictors in the random forest model, though overall model variance explained was low (R²=0.065).

Conclusions:

Nocturnal hypoxemia burden is the primary predictor of reduced caloric SPV in OSA patients.
The findings suggest prioritizing desaturation assessment in clinical evaluations of OSA patients.
Further research is needed to confirm if mitigating hypoxemia improves vestibular outcomes.