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Arbovirus Infections As Screening Tools for the Identification of Viral Immunomodulators and Host Antiviral Factors

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Andes Virus - A Clinical Review.

Gavin H Harris^1,2, Anabel Sinchi³, James Lawler⁴

¹Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta.

The New England Journal of Medicine

|July 15, 2026

Summary

Andes virus (ANDV) is the only hantavirus known to spread between people. This review covers ANDV epidemiology, clinical care, and infection control, exploring current and future treatments.

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Virology
Public Health

Background:

Andes virus (ANDV) is unique among orthohantaviruses for its documented human-to-human transmission.
Understanding ANDV transmission dynamics is crucial for public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the epidemiology and clinical features of ANDV infection.
To review current best practices in clinical management and infection control.
To evaluate existing and investigational treatments, including vaccines and monoclonal antibodies.

Main Methods:

Review of published expert consensus guidelines.
Analysis of field experience and clinical trial data.
Assessment of scientific literature on ANDV treatments and prevention.

Main Results:

ANDV presents with diverse clinical manifestations, including severe pulmonary and cardiac complications.
Human-to-human transmission necessitates specific infection prevention and control strategies.
Limited effective antiviral treatments exist, highlighting the need for further research.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive management of ANDV infection requires integrated approaches to clinical care, treatment, and prevention.
Further development of antiviral therapies and vaccines is critical for combating ANDV.
Effective infection control measures are paramount to limit further human-to-human spread.