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Related Concept Videos

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials01:11

Bending of Members Made of Several Materials

In analyzing a structural member composed of two different materials with identical cross-sectional areas, it is crucial to understand how their distinct elastic properties affect the member's response under load. The analysis involves assessing stress and strain distributions using the transformed section concept, which accounts for variations in material properties.
Hooke's Law determines stress in each material, stating that stress is proportional to strain but varies due to each material's...
Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models01:21

Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models

Mechanistic models, a category encompassing both physiological and compartmental modeling, differ from empirical models' approaches to incorporating known factors about the systems being modeled. Empirical models describe data with minimal assumptions, while mechanistic models aim to provide a robust description of available data by specifying assumptions and integrating known factors about the system. Compartmental analysis is a key example of a mechanistic model in pharmacokinetics and...
Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model01:14

Pharmacodynamic Models: Link Model and Systems Pharmacodynamic Model

The link model is a fundamental pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK–PD) approach to account for delayed drug responses when the observed effect does not immediately correlate with the drug's plasma concentration peak. This delay is mathematically addressed by introducing an effect compartment concentration, Ce, which is kinetically linked to the plasma concentration, Cp, via a first-order rate constant, ke0. The linkage allows for a more accurate prediction of drug effects over time. A higher...
Generalized Hooke's Law01:22

Generalized Hooke's Law

The generalized Hooke's Law is a broadened version of Hooke's Law, which extends to all types of stress and in every direction. Consider an isotropic material shaped into a cube subjected to multiaxial loading. In this scenario, normal stresses are exerted along the three coordinate axes. As a result of these stresses, the cubic shape deforms into a rectangular parallelepiped. Despite this deformation, the new shape maintains equal sides, and there is a normal strain in the direction of the...
Multicompartment Models: Overview01:14

Multicompartment Models: Overview

Multicompartment models are mathematical constructs that depict how drugs are distributed and eliminated within the body. They segment the body into several compartments, symbolizing various physiological or anatomical areas connected through drug transfer processes such as absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination.
These models offer a more comprehensive representation of drug behavior in the body than one-compartment models. They accommodate the complexity of drug distribution,...
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate Poly(Lactic Acid) Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size
13:46

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate Poly(Lactic Acid) Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size

Published on: October 17, 2016

Topology optimization for link mechanism synthesis based on multi-layered generalized continuum model.

Yurika Sayo1, Takayuki Yamada1,2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo.

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences
|July 15, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel topology optimization framework for designing planar link mechanisms, including those with overlapping links. The method integrates layout and structural design for efficient mechanism synthesis.

Keywords:
link mechanismmechanism synthesismultilayer modeloptimal designtopology optimization

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate Poly(Lactic Acid) Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size
13:46

A Facile and Eco-friendly Route to Fabricate Poly(Lactic Acid) Scaffolds with Graded Pore Size

Published on: October 17, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Computational Mechanics
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Topology optimization is established for compliant mechanisms but limited for link mechanisms.
  • Synthesizing planar link mechanisms with overlapping configurations presents unique design challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a topology optimization framework for synthesizing planar link mechanisms with overlapping links.
  • To enable simultaneous optimization of link placement, joint placement, and link structures.

Main Methods:

  • A multilayer elasticity model connecting two layers with springs.
  • Formulating the optimization problem to achieve a target path on the end effector.
  • Incorporating degrees of freedom for mechanical functionality.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated functional planar link mechanisms with overlapping configurations.
  • Demonstrated integration of layout and structural design through numerical examples.
  • Validated the framework's capability in synthesizing complex link mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework advances topology optimization for mechanism design.
  • It provides a robust method for synthesizing planar link mechanisms, including those with overlapping links.
  • The multilayer elasticity model effectively addresses simultaneous optimization of layout and structure.