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Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II

Each cerebral hemisphere can be divided into three main regions. The outermost region, the cerebral cortex, is a thin layer (2 to 4 millimeters thick) made up of gray matter, consisting of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and blood vessels. The middle region, or white matter, is primarily composed of myelinated nerve fibers organized into three types of large tracts: association fibers, commissures, and projection fibers. Association fibers connect different areas within the same...

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I

The main and largest component of the human brain is the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of two main parts: the cerebral cortex, an outer layer with wrinkles or folds known as gyri and shallow grooves called sulci, and a deeper region beneath it. The cerebrum divides into two distinct hemispheres and contains five different lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and insula. The central sulcus separates the frontal and parietal lobes and two functionally important gyri — the...

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...

Brainstem

Brainstem

The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
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Cerebral Hemispheres

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 4, 2022

The Cerebellar Connectome.

Oliver Schmitt^1,2, Paulina Morawska³, Vishnu Prathapan⁴

¹MSH Medical School Hamburg - University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Hamburg, Germany. oliver.schmitt@medicalschool-hamburg.de.

Cerebellum (London, England)

|July 15, 2026

Summary

This study presents the first comprehensive rat cerebellar connectome, revealing its complex network structure. The findings highlight the cerebellum

Keywords:

Cerebellum Connectome Dynamic modeling Graph theory Network neuroscience Rat brain

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Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

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Published on: November 14, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 4, 2022

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

Cerebellar Regional Dissection for Molecular Analysis

Published on: December 5, 2020

Revealing Neural Circuit Topography in Multi-Color

Revealing Neural Circuit Topography in Multi-Color

Published on: November 14, 2011

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Connectomics
Systems Neuroscience

Background:

The cerebellum's role extends beyond motor control to cognitive and affective functions.
Cerebellar connectivity is less understood than that of the cerebral cortex.

Purpose of the Study:

To construct and analyze the first comprehensive rat cerebellar connectome.
To characterize the structural organization and network properties of the cerebellum.

Main Methods:

Utilized a large-scale, meta-analytic database of over 7,800 rat tract-tracing studies.
Employed the neuroVIISAS framework for network construction and analysis.
Applied graph-theoretical filtering and systematic edge weighting.

Main Results:

Developed a detailed cerebellar subnetwork with 862 regions and over 21,000 edges.
Identified small-world and scale-free network properties at the mesoscale.
Uncovered key integrative hubs and revealed network vulnerabilities.

Conclusions:

The cerebellum exhibits a dual design: functionally specialized yet structurally efficient.
Identified structurally privileged bottlenecks crucial for cerebellar integration.
Provides a foundation for future multimodal and cross-species connectomic research.