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Eating behavior traits across thyroid function groups in Saudi adults: a cross-sectional study.
Hayat Alzahrani1, Sahar G Alshammari1, Soaad Alsulami2
1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. BOX 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Thyroid Research
|July 16, 2026
Summary
Thyroid dysfunction in Saudi adults is linked to increased emotional overeating, hunger, and slower eating. These findings highlight the connection between thyroid health and appetite regulation, suggesting potential areas for clinical consideration.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Behavioral Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Thyroid dysfunction impacts metabolism and weight, but its effect on eating behavior in Saudi adults is not well understood.
- This study investigates appetitive traits in relation to self-reported thyroid status in a Saudi adult population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore differences in eating behaviors across self-reported thyroid status groups (normal, hypothyroid, hyperthyroid).
- To utilize the validated Arabic version of the Adult Eating Behavior Questionnaire (AEBQ-Ar) for assessing eating behaviors.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 439 Saudi adults.
- Participants self-reported thyroid status and completed the AEBQ-Ar.
- General Linear Model regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, sex, and BMI.
Main Results:
- Both hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups showed significantly higher emotional overeating, hunger, satiety responsiveness, and slower eating compared to the normal group.
- Food fussiness was elevated in the hypothyroid group versus the normal group.
- No significant differences in other traits were found between hypothyroid and hyperthyroid groups.
Conclusions:
- Self-reported thyroid dysfunction is associated with altered eating behaviors, including increased emotional overeating and hunger.
- Findings suggest clinicians should consider assessing eating behaviors in patients with thyroid disorders.
- Future research should incorporate biochemical confirmation of thyroid function and treatment history.
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