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Temporary Glucose - 6 phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme deficiency, an additional risk factor for invasive fungal

Sampa Ghose1, Christine Wilson2, Preity Sharma3

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. BRA-Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, AIIMS, New Delhi, India. sampaghose@gmail.com.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|July 18, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Monitoring Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) levels alongside Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and galactomannan (GM) may help predict invasive fungal infections (IFI) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients post-chemotherapy.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Mycology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Invasive fungal infections (IFI) pose a significant risk to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, particularly after induction chemotherapy.
  • Chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression exacerbates AML patients' vulnerability to life-threatening fungal infections like invasive aspergillosis (IA).
  • Current diagnostic methods lack a single reliable serological marker for accurately predicting IA risk post-chemotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential role of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) levels as a predictor of IFI risk in AML patients.
  • To evaluate the correlation between serum markers such as galactomannan (GM), G6PD, and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in AML patients with IFI.

Main Methods:

  • Serum galactomannan (GM) levels were measured in AML patients during invasive aspergillosis (IA) and recovery phases.
  • Serum Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) levels were assessed concurrently with GM during IA and recovery.
  • Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were measured to explore their association with fungal infection.

Main Results:

  • Elevated serum GM levels were observed in AML patients during IA, decreasing upon recovery.
  • Reduced serum G6PD levels were detected in AML patients during IA, with levels restoring upon recovery.
  • Higher serum IL-6 levels were found during fungal infection, showing a positive correlation with LDH levels.

Conclusions:

  • Monitoring serum G6PD, IL-6, and GM levels may offer a valuable approach for predicting IFI in AML patients.
  • Changes in G6PD levels might be influenced by anti-cancer drugs and antibiotics, potentially impacting fungal infection risk.
  • Combined monitoring of these biomarkers could improve early detection and management of IFI in immunocompromised AML patients.
Keywords:
Acute Myeloid LeukemiaGalactomannanGlucose 6-posphate dehydrogenaseInterleukin-6Invasive fungal infections

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