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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Published on: June 9, 2023
Radioiodine refractory thyroid cancer; Bridging multidisciplinary synergy
Georgios Christantoniou1, Maria Boudina
1Unit of Endocrinology-Endocrine Oncology, Theagenio Cancer Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. christantoniougeorge@gmail.com.
None:
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is the most frequent thyroid malignancy. It consists of papillary (85%), follicular (13%) with subtypes and anaplastic (<2%) thyroid cancer, derived from follicular dedifferentiation. DTC is typically associated with a favorable prognosis. However, a subset of patients progresses to a state of radioiodine (RAI) refractoriness (RAIR), necessitating complex multidisciplinary management. This article explores the diagnostic challenges, prognostic evaluation, and the evolving therapeutic landscape for RAIR-DTC, highlighting the importance of integrated oncology care.
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