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Published on: July 19, 2018
Physical function, exercise, and clinical outcomes in peritoneal dialysis: a narrative review
Wanhaier Abudoureheman1, Fan Zhang1
1Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
International Journal of Nursing Studies Advances
|July 20, 2026
Summary
Physical function deficits are common in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients and linked to poor outcomes. Exercise interventions improve function and quality of life, but more research is needed for hard endpoints.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology and Exercise Physiology
- Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease
Background:
- Peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients often exhibit low physical activity, reduced muscle strength, and impaired cardiorespiratory fitness.
- These functional deficits are increasingly linked to adverse clinical outcomes in PD patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent literature (2020-present) on the burden and assessment of impaired physical function in PD.
- To examine the associations between physical function and clinical outcomes in PD.
- To summarize the effects of exercise interventions on physical function in PD patients.
Main Methods:
- A contemporary narrative review of peer-reviewed literature from 2020 to the present.
- Searched PubMed for studies on sarcopenia, frailty, physical function measures (objective and patient-reported), and exercise interventions in adults on PD.
Main Results:
- Impaired physical function is prevalent in PD, with varied definitions impacting sarcopenia/frailty estimates.
- Lower physical activity and objective test performance correlate with increased mortality, hospitalization, and PD technique failure.
- Exercise interventions (aerobic, resistance, combined) are safe, feasible, and improve physical function, quality of life, fatigue, mood, and pain; effects on hard clinical outcomes are uncertain.
Conclusions:
- Recent evidence highlights physical function as a critical risk marker in PD and exercise as beneficial for function and patient-reported outcomes.
- Further large-scale, long-term trials are necessary to confirm effects on survival and technique outcomes.
- Integration of routine functional assessment and exercise prescription into PD care is recommended.
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