Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Interventions Targeting Aβ-Binding Receptors

In the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the aggregation of Aβ peptides into Aβ oligomers (AβOs) plays a critical neurotoxic role. By binding to various cell membrane receptors, AβOs can trigger abnormal intracellular signaling transduction, leading to neuronal damage. This article systematically summarizes the interaction mechanisms of nearly ten AβO-binding receptors and focuses on reviewing recent therapeutic strategies aimed at neuroprotection through interventions in AβO-receptor interactions or by blocking/modulating relevant receptor signaling pathways. The discussed content provides a molecular theoretical foundation and research perspectives for the rational design of anti-AD drugs targeting AβO receptors.