Integrated Molecular and Optical Materials Design for High-Efficiency Perovskite/Si Tandem Cells

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Renewable Energy
• Photovoltaics

Background:

• Perovskite/silicon tandem (PST) cells are leading next-generation photovoltaic technology due to record efficiencies.
• Long-term operational stability and consistent performance under real-world conditions are critical challenges for PST cells.
• Existing PST devices require further optimization for improved durability and manufacturability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To address the stability and fabrication challenges in PST cells.
• To enhance the efficiency and robustness of PST devices through a dual optimization strategy.
• To develop a practical route for high-performance, tolerant PST solar cells.

Main Methods:

• Electrical interface engineering using a novel propoxyphenyl-based self-assembled monolayer to improve shunt resistance and hole selectivity.
• Optical design incorporating a light-scattering film with shape-controlled phosphor particles in a textured poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) matrix for enhanced light harvesting.
• Integration of interface modification and optical design for synergistic performance enhancement.

Main Results:

• Achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 31.66% for a 1 cm² PST device.
• The propoxyphenyl-based monolayer significantly increased shunt resistance and broadened fabrication tolerance.
• The light-scattering film improved light harvesting via UV down-conversion and diffuse transmission.
• Demonstrated improved operational stability and consistent performance under realistic conditions.

Conclusions:

• The synergistic dual optimization strategy effectively enhances PST cell performance and stability.
• Interface engineering and optical design offer a practical approach to overcome critical challenges in PST technology.
• This work provides a pathway toward robust, high-efficiency, and fabrication-tolerant PST solar cells for widespread adoption.