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The Relationship Between Stigma and Loneliness in Stroke Survivors: The Longitudinal Mediating Role of Social
Xiaojuan Wan1, Ningning Liu1, Zhi'e Gu2
1School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
Aims:
The study aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between stigma and loneliness in stroke survivors and examine the mediating role of social participation.
Design:
A prospective longitudinal study.
Methods:
Using a convenience sampling approach, 277 stroke survivors were recruited from two hospitals in the acute rehabilitation phase (Time 1) and followed up at 3 months post-stroke (Time 2) and 6 months post-stroke (Time 3). Stigma, social participation and loneliness were assessed using the Short Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness (SSCI-8), the Utrecht Rehabilitation Participation Evaluation (USER-P) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale, respectively. A cross-lagged panel model was employed to examine the longitudinal relationships among stigma, social participation and loneliness.
Results:
After controlling for confounding factors, higher levels of stigma predicted greater loneliness in subsequent periods. Loneliness significantly predicted stigma. Social participation at Time 2 mediated the relationship between stigma at Time 1 and loneliness at Time 3.
Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that among stroke survivors, there exists a potential bidirectional relationship between stigma and loneliness, with social participation playing a partial longitudinal mediating role.
Implications To Clinical Practice:
The study suggests that clinical interventions should prioritise the identification and management of early illness stigma post-stroke, while promoting meaningful social participation to decrease loneliness.
Reporting Method:
The reporting followed the STROBE guideline.
Patient Or Public Contributions:
No patient or public contribution.
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