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Exploring the Relationship Between Parental Trauma, Parenting Style, and Children's Medical Treatment Adherence:
Margaret Stull1, Olga Vsevolozhskaya2, Kristopher Collman3
1Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 245 Fountain Court, Lexington, KY, 40509, United States, 1 5025427512.
JMIR Formative Research
|July 21, 2026
Summary
Parenting style and parental trauma influence child medication adherence. Authoritative parenting is linked to better adherence, while higher parental trauma shows a slight risk of nonadherence.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Health
- Psychology
- Family Studies
Background:
- Medication adherence is crucial for effective treatment outcomes in children.
- Parental factors, including trauma history and parenting styles, may significantly impact a child's ability to follow medical advice.
- Authoritative parenting, characterized by warmth and clear boundaries, is associated with positive child development and relationships.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between parental trauma, parenting style, and medication adherence in children.
- To explore how Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and parenting styles influence pediatric medical treatment compliance.
Main Methods:
- Recruitment of 720 caregivers via Amazon's Mechanical Turk.
- Measurement of parental trauma using the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire (ACEQ).
- Assessment of parenting style using the Parental Authority Questionnaire-Revised (PAQ-R).
- Statistical analysis including chi-square tests, t tests, and logistic regressions to determine associations.
Main Results:
- Medically adherent children were generally younger (P=.02).
- Caregivers had a mean age of 36.8 years, with 35.4% identifying as male.
- A higher parental ACE score was marginally associated with an increased risk of child medication nonadherence (aOR=0.94, P=.07).
Conclusions:
- Consistent with prior research, authoritative parenting styles are linked to higher child medication adherence.
- Parental trauma, indicated by ACE scores, showed a marginal association with increased risk of pediatric medication nonadherence.
- These findings highlight the complex interplay between parental experiences and child health outcomes.
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