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Regulation and clinical manifestations of gluconeogenesis dysfunction
1INSTYTUTUM AG, Zug, Switzerland. Natalia.bobok@instytutum.com.
Npj Metabolic Health and Disease
|July 21, 2026
Summary
The liver regulates blood sugar using key processes like gluconeogenesis. This review covers how gluconeogenesis works and what happens when it malfunctions in various diseases.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Physiology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- The liver is central to glucose homeostasis, balancing glucose production and utilization.
- Gluconeogenesis is vital for maintaining blood glucose levels, especially during fasting when glycogen stores deplete.
- Dysregulation of these hepatic processes can lead to metabolic disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the regulatory mechanisms of hepatic gluconeogenesis.
- To explore the clinical significance of gluconeogenic dysfunction.
- To discuss diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for diseases involving impaired gluconeogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on liver metabolism and glucose regulation.
- Analysis of research on the molecular pathways controlling gluconeogenesis.
- Synthesis of clinical data related to gluconeogenic dysfunction.
Main Results:
- Gluconeogenesis is tightly regulated by hormonal and substrate signals.
- Impaired gluconeogenesis contributes to hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia in various conditions.
- Understanding these pathways is crucial for managing metabolic diseases.
Conclusions:
- Hepatic gluconeogenesis is a critical target for maintaining glucose balance.
- Further research into gluconeogenic dysfunction can reveal novel therapeutic targets.
- Integrated understanding of liver function is essential for metabolic health.
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