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Are 3D-Printed Anatomic Haptic Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Spine Models Better Resident Training Tools When
Selina C Poon1, Marilyn Luong1, Robert H Chog1
1Shriners for Children Medical Center, Pasadena, California, USA.
Background:
Spinal deformity surgery requires a thorough understanding of complex three-dimensional pathoanatomy. Opportunities to directly interact with 3-dimensional (3D) pathoanatomy and surgical practice techniques are limited. 3D printers are able to create models that accurately mimic deformed adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We hypothesize that a 3D-printed anatomic haptic AIS spine model will improve resident training by increasing accuracy of screw placement compared to conventional training tools.
Methods:
Using a historical clinical computed tomography of a patient with 50-degree Lenke 1 AIS, a three-dimensional model from T1-L5 was created. Thirty-one orthopaedic trainees from two separate training programs were recruited and randomized into three groups. Cadaver (CG) had 10 residents, Sawbones (SG) had nine and 3D model (3G) had 12 in the initial training cohort where they were taught how to insert pedicle screws in their respective models. A total of 25/31 residents completed the pedicle screw insertion test (CG=6, SG=7, 3G=12) 2-4 weeks post initial training. Breaches were recorded at each session and compared to assess each models' applicability in teaching and improving surgical technique. Trainees were also queried regarding their satisfaction (1-5) with the training model.
Results:
The average number of breaches >2mm are shown in Table 2. Compared to the other two methods of teaching, Sawbones had the highest number of pedicle breaches. Trainees in the SG also had significantly improved accuracy at the post-test session. There were no significant differences in the other two groups. When queried, 84% of residents chose to learn on a 3D model compared to sawbones and cadavers. Overall, the residents rated 4.7 for recommending the use of the 3D model in their training program.
Conclusion:
A 3D printed anatomic haptic AIS spine model can serve as a resident training tool to help improve accuracy of pedicle screw placement in of AIS when compared to sawbones.
Level Of Evidence:
I.
