Community-based care for patients with severe mental illness: A comparative study in Iran and selected countries

The shift from institutional care to community-based mental health services is critical for improving the outcomes of patients with severe mental illness. This study compared community-based mental health service models in Iran with those in Canada, Australia, Italy, Turkey, and South Korea to identify the best practices for improving mental health care in Iran.

This descriptive-comparative study examined nine dimensions: policies and strategies, legal frameworks, service models, financing, workforce development, psychosocial interventions, information systems, civil society engagement, and research. Data were collected through a literature review of national and international databases.

The findings revealed robust community-based strategies that demonstrated effective service delivery and integration practices in Canada, Australia, and Italy. In contrast, community mental health services in Iran are still developing and facing challenges such as limited resources, workforce shortages, and implementation barriers.

To achieve effective community-based mental healthcare, Iran needs to strengthen its policies, increase funding, and develop its workforce. This study highlights the importance of adapting successful approaches from the countries reviewed, while addressing local challenges, improving mental health outcomes, and reducing stigma.