Association between indirect calorimetry parameters and cardiovascular events: a cross-sectional analysis based on
Fatemeh Roudi1,2, Reza Moeini3, Sayed Mortaza Fayez4
1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with Iran experiencing a notably high burden. Emerging evidence suggests that metabolic factors might be associated with cardiovascular conditions. Indirect calorimetry, is a noninvasive method for assessing energy metabolism, and may offer useful insights into cardiovascular risk stratification. This study aimed to explore the potential relationship between indirect calorimetry parameters and cardiovascular events in Phase 2 of the MASHAD Cohort Study.
Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study, undertaken as part of a second phase of the MASHAD cohort study, conducted between January 2025 and March 2025. Anthropometric measurements, including body mass index (BMI), weight, and height, were recorded using standardized protocols. Indirect calorimetry (IC) was used to measure basal metabolic rate (BMR) under controlled conditions. Cardiovascular events were self-reported and verified by trained personnel.
Results:
A subset of 964 individuals was selected from the original cohort. CVD event: CHD and stroke prevalence were 27.8% and 1.3%, respectively. Our study showed significant differences in protein oxidation, RMR/BSA, BMR, and V.O2 in CHD compared to those without CHD events (p-value < 0.05). A significant difference in BMR, V.O2, V.CO2, and protein oxidation were observed among participants with sinus bradycardia and Right bundle branch block compared to those without CVD (P-value < 0.05). In a crude model, RMR/BSA was associated with increased CHD risk (p-value = 0.028), After adjusting for potential confounders, none of the associations remained statistically significant (p-value > 0.05).
Conclusion:
This study identified significant differences in specific indirect calorimetry parameters between groups; however, after adjusting for potential confounders, none of the associations remained statistically significant. These findings should be interpreted with caution and require confirmation in future prospective studies. Elevated protein oxidation, V.O₂, RMR/BSA, and BMR showed associations with CHD and stroke in unadjusted analyses; these findings show potential associations that warrant further investigation.
