Research Progress on ROS Scavenging and Responsive Materials for Biomedical Applications

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Oxidative Stress Research
• Nanomedicine

Background:

• Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are crucial for cell signaling but excessive accumulation causes disease.
• Developing biomaterials to precisely control ROS levels is vital for therapeutic interventions.
• Oxidative stress is implicated in numerous pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review biomaterials for modulating oxidative stress.
• To elucidate design principles, mechanisms, and construction strategies for ROS-scavenging and ROS-responsive materials.
• To discuss synergistic potential and future clinical translation.

Main Methods:

• Review of ROS-scavenging materials including nanozymes, inorganic nanoparticles, natural antioxidants, and functional polymers.
• Analysis of ROS-responsive materials utilizing moieties like phenylboronic esters, thioketals, and diselenides.
• Exploration of multiresponsive materials and their therapeutic applications.

Main Results:

• ROS-scavenging materials consume excess ROS, offering antioxidant effects.
• ROS-responsive materials enable controlled drug release or disassembly in high-ROS environments.
• Multiresponsive materials show synergistic therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

• Biomaterials offer promising strategies for managing oxidative stress.
• Further research is needed to address current challenges and facilitate clinical translation.
• Targeted modulation of ROS via advanced biomaterials holds significant therapeutic promise.