Dimensional Stability of Printed Dental Model: Stability over Time at Different Storage Temperatures

Area of Science:

• Dental Materials Science
• Digital Dentistry
• Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

• Traditional gypsum dental models are crucial for prosthodontic planning.
• Digital workflows are increasing the use of 3D-printed dental models.
• Concerns exist regarding the long-term dimensional stability of 3D-printed models.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate temporal dimensional changes in gypsum and 3D-printed dental models.
• To compare model stability under different storage conditions (4°C and room temperature).
• To assess the uniformity of dimensional changes across different regions of the models.

Main Methods:

• A maxillary typodont was scanned to create a reference.
• Gypsum and 3D-printed models (3 materials) were fabricated and stored for 28 days.
• Dimensional accuracy was assessed using 3D inspection software, measuring trueness and precision.

Main Results:

• 3D-printed models exhibited superior precision compared to gypsum models.
• Gypsum models showed relative stability, while 3D-printed models displayed time-dependent, region-specific changes (max deviation 0.026 mm).
• Printed materials showed no significant differences in precision; trueness varied by material and time.

Conclusions:

• 3D-printed dental models undergo limited but non-uniform dimensional alterations over time.
• Gypsum models demonstrate greater dimensional stability.
• Localized distortions in 3D-printed models, particularly posteriorly, require consideration for precise prosthetic applications.