The Rise of Oncoendocrinology: How Modern Cancer Therapies Are Reshaping Endocrine Practice

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Endocrinology
• Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

• Novel cancer therapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy have transformed oncology, improving survival rates.
• These treatments introduce a spectrum of endocrine and metabolic complications, termed therapy-induced endocrinopathies.
• These conditions, including thyroid dysfunction and adrenal insufficiency, require specialized endocrine management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evolving field of oncoendocrinology.
• To explore mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and management of endocrine toxicities from novel cancer therapies.
• To discuss long-term endocrine sequelae and the need for survivorship care.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on endocrine and metabolic complications of modern cancer therapies.
• Analysis of clinical patterns, management strategies, and future directions in oncoendocrinology.
• Synthesis of information on predictive biomarkers and integrated care models.

Main Results:

• Therapy-induced endocrinopathies are clinically significant, often long-lasting, and present with atypical patterns.
• Management requires a multidisciplinary approach, distinct from classical endocrine disorders.
• Improved cancer survival necessitates structured survivorship care and endocrine surveillance.

Conclusions:

• Oncoendocrinology is a rapidly growing field due to advances in cancer treatment.
• Early recognition and long-term management of endocrine complications are essential for optimizing outcomes in cancer survivors.
• Future directions include precision-based endocrine care, predictive biomarkers, and standardized treatment approaches.