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Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors in Sepsis Pathogenesis

Rasime Sevgi Cenan1, Ayşegül Karaoğlan1, Hatice Paşaoğlu1

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Gazi University Hospital, 06560 Ankara, Turkey.

Medical Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 27, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) show distinct tissue-specific elevations in sepsis. These findings highlight their potential as sepsis biomarkers and inform future research.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pathology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Sepsis pathogenesis involves complex molecular mechanisms.
  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) are implicated in inflammatory processes.
  • Limited studies have comprehensively assessed MMPs and TIMPs in sepsis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of multiple MMPs and TIMPs in sepsis.
  • To assess MMP and TIMP levels in serum, brain, and kidney tissues during experimental sepsis.
  • To explore the potential of MMPs and TIMPs as sepsis biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental sepsis induced via LPS in a rat model.
  • Collection of serum, brain, and kidney samples after 24 hours.
  • Quantification of MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, -9, -13 and TIMP-1, -2, -3 using ELISA.
  • Analysis of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ).

Main Results:

  • Elevated MMP-1 in kidney, brain, and serum.
  • Increased MMP-2 in brain tissue.
  • Widespread MMP-3 elevations across tissues and serum.
  • Significant MMP-8 increase in serum.
  • Higher MMP-9 in serum and kidney.
  • MMP-13 elevated in kidney tissue.
  • Tissue-specific TIMP elevations: TIMP-1 in kidney, TIMP-2 in brain and serum, TIMP-3 in kidney.

Conclusions:

  • Simultaneous assessment of multiple MMPs and TIMPs provides comprehensive insights.
  • Evidence suggests tissue-specific responses of MMPs and TIMPs in sepsis.
  • Findings support further research into MMPs and TIMPs as potential sepsis biomarkers.
  • Results can guide future clinical and pharmacological studies in sepsis.
Keywords:
biomarkersinflammationmatrix metalloproteinasessepsistissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases

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