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Meniscus Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Biomaterials, Biofabrication, and Translation
Wenbo Jin1, Wenyu Ning1, Ruoyu Wang1
1State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Manufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Polymers
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Meniscus tissue engineering offers a promising solution for knee joint repair due to the limited healing capacity of meniscal tissue. This review explores advanced scaffolds and biofabrication strategies for functional knee reconstruction.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Orthopedic Surgery
Background:
- The meniscus is crucial for knee function, but its poor healing capacity leads to degeneration.
- Current treatments offer limited durable restoration for meniscal defects.
- Meniscus tissue engineering presents a viable strategy for tissue preservation and reconstruction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in meniscus tissue-engineered scaffolds.
- To analyze biomaterial systems, biofabrication techniques, and translational progress.
- To identify barriers hindering long-term regeneration and clinical application.
Main Methods:
- Review of natural polymers, decellularized extracellular matrix, synthetic polymers, and composite materials.
- Analysis of biofabrication strategies focusing on geometric reconstruction and zonal organization.
- Critical examination of in vitro, preclinical, and clinical evidence.
Main Results:
- Various biomaterials offer distinct advantages for biological regulation, mechanical support, and structural organization.
- Biofabrication strategies are advancing geometric accuracy, zonal organization, and fibrous anisotropy in scaffolds.
- Significant progress has been made, but challenges remain in achieving long-term regeneration and clinical translation.
Conclusions:
- Tissue engineering scaffolds show potential for meniscus repair, utilizing diverse biomaterials and advanced fabrication.
- Overcoming barriers in geometric precision, zonal organization, and mechanical properties is key for clinical success.
- Further research and development are needed to bridge the gap between engineered tissues and functional, long-term clinical outcomes.
