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A 3D Bioprinted dECM/CSCA/SA/NC Hybrid Scaffold for Myocardial Infarction Healing.

Yiran Tang1, Jie Xu1, Wang Liu1

  • 1Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|January 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study developed novel 3D-printed cardiac scaffolds using decellularized extracellular matrix bioink for acute myocardial infarction treatment. The biocompatible scaffolds support cell growth and migration, showing potential for cardiac repair.

Keywords:
3D bioprintingDECM/SA/CSCA/NCDecellularized matrixL929 cellsTissue-engineered scaffold

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence is rising, with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) being a critical concern.
  • Tissue engineering and 3D printing offer novel therapeutic strategies for cardiac repair.
  • Biological scaffolds are emerging as a promising approach for treating AMI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize 3D-printed cardiac scaffolds using a dECM/CSCA/SA/NC bioink.
  • To evaluate the physicochemical properties, printability, and cytocompatibility of the developed scaffolds.
  • To assess the potential of these scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering and regenerative therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of 3D-printed sheet scaffolds using a bioink composed of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), caffeic acid-grafted chitosan (CSCA), sodium alginate (SA), and nanoclay (NC).
  • Optimization of bioink formulations and printing parameters, testing varying dECM concentrations.
  • Characterization of scaffold properties including swelling rate, elastic modulus, hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, and cytocompatibility through cell culture studies.

Main Results:

  • Optimized bioink formulation (10% NC, 1% CSCA, 1.5% SA) yielded printable scaffolds with abundant porous structures.
  • Scaffolds exhibited favorable swelling rates and elastic moduli, indicating good hydrophilicity and mechanical properties.
  • Biocompatibility tests showed increased cell proliferation and infiltration over time, with enhanced cell numbers correlating with higher dECM content. Cells migrated into scaffolds, forming biologically functional constructs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed 3D-printed dECM-based scaffolds demonstrate excellent biocompatibility and mechanical integrity.
  • These scaffolds possess significant potential for cardiac tissue engineering applications.
  • The study highlights the promise of these scaffolds as implantable therapeutic devices for myocardial infarction repair.