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Updated: Aug 5, 2026
07:26
An Ex Vivo Chicken Primary Bursal-cell Culture Model to Study Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Pathogenesis
Published on: October 4, 2018
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Genotypic Diversity from Poultry in Latin America
Nilo Ikuta1, Diéssy Kipper1, André Salvador Kazantzi Fonseca1
1Simbios Biotecnologia, Cachoeirinha 94940-030, RS, Brazil.
Viruses
|July 28, 2026
Summary
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) shows significant genotypic diversity across Latin America. Continuous molecular surveillance is crucial for effective control and vaccination programs against Gumboro disease in chickens.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Molecular Epidemiology
- Avian Pathology
Background:
- Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry globally.
- Understanding the genetic diversity of field IBDV strains is essential for developing effective vaccines and control strategies.
- Previous studies have documented IBDV genotypes, but comprehensive data from Latin America remains limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the genotypic diversity of field IBDV strains circulating in poultry farms across Latin America.
- To identify and characterize specific IBDV genotypes present in Brazil.
- To provide molecular data supporting IBDV surveillance and vaccination programs in the region.
Main Methods:
- Collection and analysis of bursal samples from 69 broiler flocks across eleven Latin American countries (2015-2025).
- Sequencing of the viral protein 2 (VP2) and VP1 genes (segments A and B) of IBDV.
- Phylogenetic analysis and amino acid substitution analysis using extensive global IBDV genetic datasets.
Main Results:
- All 69 samples were positive for IBDV, confirming widespread circulation.
- Identification of four genogroups for segment A (A1-A4) and three for segment B (B1, B2, B6) in Latin America.
- Prevalence of identified genotypes: A1B1 (1.4%), A2B1 (59.4%), A3B2 (20.3%), A3B6 (2.9%), and A4B1 (15.9%).
- Subdivision of A2B1 into A2aB1a, A2bB1a, A2dB1b, and A2eB1a.
- Specific genotypes found in Brazil included A3B2, A4B1, and A3B6.
Conclusions:
- Significant genotypic diversity of IBDV exists in Latin America, with distinct circulating strains.
- The findings underscore the importance of ongoing molecular surveillance for tracking IBDV evolution.
- Data supports the need for adaptive vaccination strategies and enhanced disease control measures in the region.
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