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Bone Defect Regeneration Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Bichat's Fat Pad
S V Ostapets1, O S Kosareva2, M N Drovosekov3
1Assistant, Department of Surgical Dentistry, Dental Implantation, and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry; Novosibirsk State Medical University, 52 Krasny Prospekt, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia.
Sovremennye Tekhnologii V Meditsine
|July 29, 2026
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from the Bichat
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Regenerative Medicine
- Stem Cell Biology
Background:
- Mandibular bone defects pose significant challenges in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction.
- Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show promise for bone regeneration.
- Bichat's fat pad (B-MSC) is a potential source for MSCs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of B-MSCs and their differentiated osteoblasts in regenerating mandibular bone defects.
- To assess the morphological changes during the bone regeneration process.
Main Methods:
- An experimental study was conducted on 120 male Wistar rats.
- Mandibular bone defects were created and treated with B-MSCs or osteoblasts derived from B-MSCs.
- A control group received no treatment.
- Histological examination was performed at 14, 30, and 90 days post-injury.
Main Results:
- Cell-treated groups showed increased vascularization and primitive bone formation by day 30.
- By day 90, B-MSC and osteoblast groups exhibited mature spongy bone formation, mineralization, and bone marrow.
- The control group displayed inflammatory infiltration and limited regeneration.
Conclusions:
- B-MSCs and their differentiated osteoblasts significantly enhance mandibular bone defect regeneration.
- These cells demonstrate high regenerative potential, accelerating the healing process.
- B-MSCs offer a promising therapeutic option for mandibular reconstruction.
