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Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
Published on: November 21, 2017
Smart Meter-derived Air Conditioning Penetration Rate Modifies the Association Between Ambient Temperature and
Xiaping Zheng1, McKenna Peplinski2, Diego Ramos Aguilera2
1From the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Background:
Air conditioning data are typically available only at coarse spatial resolutions. We examined modifications of heat-morbidity relationships using finer spatial resolution - specifically, ZIP code-level air conditioning penetration rates derived from household-level smart meter electricity records in southern California (2015-2019).
Methods:
We first estimated ZIP code-specific relative risk (RR) between heat-related emergency department visits and 4-day lagged temperatures at the 95th to 50th temperature quantile. Meta-regression was used to estimate effect modification, as measured by the ratio of RR.
Results:
Air conditioning penetration rates ranged from 23% to 96% (median = 79%). Among non-coastal regions, a 10% increase in air conditioning penetration was associated with lower heat and emergency department visit risk: ratio of RR = 0.79 (95% confidence interval: 0.68, 0.91) for dry bulb temperature and 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.70, 0.92) for wet bulb temperature. Air conditioning penetration did not modify heat-morbidity associations in coastal regions.
Conclusion:
Our results indicate that neighborhoods with higher air conditioning penetration rates were associated with lower heat-related health risks in noncoastal regions.
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