Rickets in the New Age of Food Allergies: A Case Report and Comprehensive Review

Nutritional rickets, once a historical disease, has reemerged in select pediatric populations despite modern food fortification efforts. While vitamin D deficiency remains the leading cause, dietary restrictions due to food allergies present a unique and underrecognized risk factor. This case report describes a 2-year-old male with multiple severe food allergies who developed vitamin D-deficient rickets due to a highly restrictive diet. His presentation, laboratory findings, radiographic abnormalities, and clinical management are discussed. Additionally, we provide a comprehensive review of the evolving epidemiology of rickets, its resurgence in high-risk populations, and the association between food allergies and nutrient deficiencies. Given the increasing prevalence of pediatric food allergies, this report underscores the need for proactive screening, early intervention, and interdisciplinary collaboration to prevent nutritional deficiencies in at-risk children.