Related Experiment Videos

GLIflozins in the prevention of contrast AssocIated NEphropathy: The GLICINE registry

Monica Verdoia1, Filippo Zilio2, Matteo Nardin3

  • 1Division of Cardiology Ospedale degli Infermi, ASL Biella, Italy.

International Journal of Cardiology
|July 29, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) significantly reduced contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) in patients undergoing coronary procedures. This finding suggests SGLT2-I may offer renal protection in vulnerable patient populations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) demonstrate cardiovascular and renal benefits.
  • Patients with heart failure, diabetes, and CKD face increased risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI).
  • The protective role of SGLT2-I against CA-AKI remains under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of chronic SGLT2-I therapy on CA-AKI incidence.
  • To evaluate SGLT2-I's efficacy in patients undergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching (1:1 ratio).
  • Included patients on chronic SGLT2-I (≥7 days) versus controls.
  • Primary endpoint: CA-AKI occurrence within 72 hours (KDIGO criteria).

Main Results:

  • 724 patients analyzed (362 SGLT2-I, 362 controls); 20.6% female, 73.2% diabetic.
  • Overall CA-AKI rate was 9.7%; significantly lower in SGLT2-I group (6.4% vs. 13.0%).
  • SGLT2-I use remained a significant protective factor (aOR=0.50, p=0.014) in multivariable analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic SGLT2-I use is associated with a significant reduction in CA-AKI.
  • SGLT2-I demonstrates potential as a preventative strategy for contrast-induced nephropathy.
  • Findings support SGLT2-I's role in protecting renal function in patients undergoing coronary procedures.
Keywords:
Contrast-associated nephropathyGliflozinsSodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors

Related Concept Videos

Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones01:26

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones

Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood glucose levels...
Renal Drug Excretion: Glomerular Filtration01:02

Renal Drug Excretion: Glomerular Filtration

The kidney serves as the primary organ responsible for eliminating drugs and their metabolites from the body. This process, known as renal elimination, starts with glomerular filtration and results in urine formation. Each kidney houses millions of functional units called nephrons, where urine production occurs. A nephron has two main components: a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule.
Drugs gain access to the kidney via the renal artery, which progressively branches off into afferent arterioles.
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...