Neuroretinitis Secondary to Toxoplasma Infection in an Adult

The purpose of this study is to report a case of neuroretinitis in a healthy adult with active primary Toxoplasma infection.

This study is a case report.

A 27-year-old previously healthy woman presented with sudden-onset blurred vision and a central scotoma in her left eye. Visual acuity in the affected eye was 20/80. Examination revealed dense vitreous exudation, optic disc edema, and macular star formation. OCT demonstrated optic disc elevation, thickening of the retinal nerve fiber layer, and keratitic precipitates along the posterior vitreous interface. A comprehensive laboratory workup was ordered, in which Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG antibodies were positive. After 6 weeks of treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, significant resolution of the macular star and disc swelling was observed.

Even in the absence of an immunocompromised state or classic risk factors, toxoplasmosis should be considered a differential diagnosis of neuroretinitis. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent permanent vision loss.