Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 5, 2026
08:36
The Immersive Cleveland Clinic Virtual Reality Shopping Platform for the Assessment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
Published on: July 28, 2022
Different Delivery Modalities of Virtual Reality Training in Emergency Medicine: Systematic Review
Marianna Costa1, Martina Codato1, Giorgia Brugnera1
1Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 3, Padova, 35128, Italy, 39 049 8213570.
JMIR XR and Spatial Computing
|August 1, 2026
Summary
Virtual reality (VR) training in emergency medicine is effective when simulations are repeated and spaced over time. However, features like gamification or educator guidance do not consistently improve learning outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Simulation Technology
- Virtual Reality Applications
Background:
- Virtual reality (VR) offers a promising, scalable method for emergency medicine education.
- The optimal instructional design features of VR for enhancing learning outcomes remain undetermined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review literature on immersive VR delivery modalities in emergency medicine training.
- To analyze how specific instructional design features impact educational effectiveness in emergency medicine settings.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted.
- Included were RCTs, non-RCTs, and observational studies on immersive VR for healthcare professionals in emergency medicine.
- Searches covered PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and CINAHL up to January 2026.
Main Results:
- Six comparative studies were included, evaluating various VR delivery modalities.
- Repeated, temporally distributed VR exposure improved knowledge retention and performance.
- Gamification, educator guidance, and manikin integration showed inconsistent or no additional benefits.
Conclusions:
- Structured, repeated VR engagement enhances emergency medicine training effectiveness.
- Optimizing instructional design is crucial; technological complexity is less important.
- Further high-quality research with standardized outcomes is needed to refine VR training strategies.
