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Tailored Personas for Self-Care in Older Adults With Intrinsic Capacity Decline: A Mixed-Methods Study
Kai Yu1, Xiaoqing Wang1, Yuexian Shi1
1School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China.
Research in Nursing & Health
|August 1, 2026
Summary
Self-care is key for older adults with declining intrinsic capacity (IC). This study identified four distinct self-care personas to guide personalized interventions and prevent disability.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Self-care is crucial for older adults with declining intrinsic capacity (IC) to prevent disability.
- Existing interventions for IC decline often lack personalization due to heterogeneous self-care behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine self-care characteristics and needs in older adults with IC decline.
- To develop tailored personas for personalized self-care interventions.
Main Methods:
- An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was conducted.
- Quantitative phase: 350 community-dwelling older adults with IC decline identified self-care clusters.
- Qualitative phase: 36 participants underwent semi-structured interviews to explore cluster characteristics.
Main Results:
- Four distinct self-care personas were identified: Proactive Collaborator, Symptom-Triggered Reactor, Social Mimic, and Passively Compliant.
- These personas highlight the heterogeneity in self-care needs among older adults with IC decline.
Conclusions:
- Personalized interventions, including enhanced health literacy, collaborative platforms, psychological support, and positive incentives, are essential for improving self-care.
- Findings provide actionable insights for healthcare professionals to optimize support strategies and prevent disability in older adults with IC decline.
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