A Study of the Clinical Profile of Acute Poisoning in Adults in a Rural Tertiary Healthcare Setup

Acute poisoning remains a major public health concern in rural India due to easy accessibility of toxic substances and limited mental health support. This retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in rural Bengaluru to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of poisoning cases. Medical records of 100 patients admitted with acute poisoning over 1 year were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 28 years, with the majority in the 21-30-year age group, and a female predominance (57%). Suicidal intent accounted for 85% of cases. Organophosphorus compounds were the most common agents, followed by drug overdoses and pyrethroid compounds. All exposures occurred via the oral route, and 74% of patients presented within 4 hours of ingestion. Vomiting was the most common presenting symptom, followed by abdominal pain and altered sensorium. Laboratory abnormalities included elevated liver enzymes and electrolyte disturbances. The mean duration of hospitalization was 4 days. No mortality was observed during the study period. Acute poisoning in rural Bengaluru predominantly affects young adults and is largely associated with suicidal intent. Early presentation and prompt management contribute to favorable outcomes. Preventive strategies focusing on mental health support and the regulation of toxic substances are essential.