Advances in TMDs-Based Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers: From Structural Engineering to Multicomponent Synergy

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Electromagnetics

Background:

• Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) possess unique layered structures and tunable electronic properties, making them attractive for electromagnetic wave absorption (EMA).
• Intrinsic defect-induced polarization mechanisms further enhance their potential as EMA materials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review recent advances in TMDs-based EMA materials.
• To focus on two fundamental development strategies: multiscale structural design and multicomponent composite systems.
• To provide guidance for designing next-generation high-performance TMDs-based EMA materials.

Main Methods:

• Review of literature on multiscale structural design of pure phase TMDs (defect regulation, phase engineering, morphological manipulation).
• Analysis of multicomponent composite systems incorporating dielectric matrices, magnetic elements, and hybrids for synergistic enhancement.
• Critical analysis of research achievements, challenges, and opportunities in TMDs-based EMA materials.

Main Results:

• Multiscale structural design optimizes electromagnetic parameters and attenuation capabilities through precise control.
• Composite systems achieve synergistic enhancement via interfacial polarization, conductive loss, and magnetic dissipation.
• Pioneering research demonstrates significant progress in various subfields of TMDs-based absorbers.

Conclusions:

• TMDs-based absorbers can be optimized through rational structural design and composite engineering.
• Emerging frontiers include atomic-level interface engineering, inverse design, sustainable synthesis, and smart-response systems.
• This review establishes fundamental principles for developing advanced TMDs-based EMA materials.