Related Experiment Videos
Sante Publique (Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France)
|August 3, 2026
Summary
Fear of retaliation can hinder public health professionals from acting as change agents. This study developed a validated questionnaire to measure this fear, aiding in strategy development to encourage proactive roles in social and health services.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Services Management
- Social Work
Background:
- Public social and health services require professionals and managers to act as change agents.
- Fear of retaliation can cause these professionals to hesitate in fulfilling their roles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence of fear of retaliation among social and health services professionals.
- To develop a questionnaire measuring problematic situations, agentic actions, and fear of retaliation.
Main Methods:
- Modified Delphi method used for questionnaire development.
- Informed by scientific literature and exploratory interviews.
- Validated by domain experts using a panel.
Main Results:
- Eight panelists participated in the consensus process.
- Consensus on all questionnaire components achieved within two rounds.
- Questionnaire refined with wording, scale modifications, and additions on frequency of inaction due to fear.
Conclusions:
- A validated measurement tool for understanding fear of retaliation was developed.
- This tool can inform strategies to promote agentic actions in social and health services.
- Facilitates better understanding of the complex process of fear of retaliation.