The Relationship Between Work-Life Balance, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention Among Dental Hygienists

Purpose There is limited research regarding how work-life balance (WLB) affects job satisfaction, and intention to leave among dental hygienists in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between WLB, job satisfaction, and turnover intention among dental hygienists.Methods This study used a cross-sectional research design with a convenience sample of dental hygienists (n=274) recruited via social media. The web-based survey consisted of demographics and work characteristics, followed by three previously validated survey instruments: WLB Measure, Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (JSQ), and Turnover Intention Scale (TIS). Descriptive, correlational, and inferential analyses were used.Results The survey completion rate was 76% (n = 209). Participants reported an average WLB of 3.20 (SD = 1.06) and an average JSQ of 3.54 (SD = 0.67) on a scale of 1 to 5. Additionally, participants reported an average TIS of 16.75 (SD = 6.22) on a scale of 6 to 30. A regression analysis with WLB, JSQ, and covariates was done to identify predictors of turnover intention. The model predicted 63% (adjusted R² = 0.63, F (7, 200) = 47.33, p < .001) of the variance in turnover intention. Lower job satisfaction (JSQ; β = -0.65, t = -13.86, p < .001) and WLB (β = -0.21, t = -3.97, p < .001) predicted higher turnover intention.Conclusion Findings suggested both job satisfaction and WLB were predictors of an employee's turnover intention or intention to leave. These results suggest employers should consider their role in employees' overall WLB, and job satisfaction, considering factors such as workload, communication, opportunities for advancement, and adequate recognition to retain dental hygienists.